---
id: https://w3id.org/nfdi-de/dcat-ap-plus/materials/
name: material-entity-ap
title: Material Entities Application Profile
description: |-
  This is an application profile for material entities to be used for extending the DCAT-AP-PLUS.
license: CC-BY 4.0
prefixes:
  material_entities_ap: https://w3id.org/nfdi-de/dcat-ap-plus/materials/
  dcatapplus: https://w3id.org/nfdi-de/dcat-ap-plus/
  linkml: https://w3id.org/linkml/
  biolink: https://w3id.org/biolink/vocab/
  schema: http://schema.org/
  dcterms: http://purl.org/dc/terms/
  sosa: http://www.w3.org/ns/sosa/
  rdf: http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
  rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
  owl: http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
  skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
  RO: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_
  PATO: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_
  OBI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_
  IAO: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_
  BFO: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_
  ex: http://example.org/
  SIO: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_
  doi: https://doi.org/
  AFE: http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_
  AFRL: http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/role#AFRL_
  AFP: http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/process#AFP_
  VOC4CAT: https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_
default_prefix: material_entities_ap
default_range: string
imports:
  - linkml:types
  - dcatapplus:latest/schema/dcat_ap_plus

classes:
  MaterialisticMixin:
    mixin: true
    abstract: true
    description: A LinkML mixin used to pass down properties common to all material entities. It is needed for example to have MaterialSample have the same properties as MaterialEntity, although it is defined as a subclass of EvaluatedEntity.
    slots:
      - alternative_label
      - has_physical_state
      - has_temperature
      - has_mass
      - has_volume
      - has_density
      - has_pressure
      # more slots might need to be defined for a MaterialEntity

  MaterialEntity:
    class_uri: BFO:0000040
    is_a: Entity
    mixins:
      - MaterialisticMixin
    description: A material is an Entity that has some portion of matter as proper part.
    slot_usage:
      has_part:
        slot_uri: BFO:0000051
        description: The slot to provide the parts of a MaterialEntity.
        range: MaterialEntity
        multivalued: true
        inlined_as_list: true
        recommended: true

  MaterialSample:
    is_a: EvaluatedEntity
    class_uri: OBI:0000747
    description: A Sample that was derived from a previous MaterialSample or some other kind of MaterialEntity.
    mixins:
      - MaterialisticMixin
    slots:
      - derived_from
    slot_usage:
      derived_from:
        description: The slot to specify the MaterialEntity or MaterialSample from which the MaterialSample was created.
    exact_mappings:
      - SIO:001050
      - VOC4CAT:0005056

  Temperature:
    is_a: QuantitativeAttribute
    class_uri: qudt:Quantity
    description: A physical quantity that quantitatively expresses the attribute of hotness or coldness.
    close_mappings:
      - PATO:0000146
    #slot_usage:
      #has_quantity_type:
        #ifabsent: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Temperature
  Mass:
    is_a: QuantitativeAttribute
    class_uri: qudt:Quantity
    description: The strength of a body's gravitational attraction to other bodies.
    close_mappings:
      - PATO:0000125
    #slot_usage:
      #has_quantity_type:
      #ifabsent: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Mass
  Volume:
    is_a: QuantitativeAttribute
    class_uri: qudt:Quantity
    description: A measure of regions in three-dimensional space.
    close_mappings:
      - PATO:0000918
    #slot_usage:
      #has_quantity_type:
      #ifabsent: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Volume
  Density:
    is_a: QuantitativeAttribute
    class_uri: SIO:001406
    description: A measure of the mass per unit volume of a substance.
    close_mappings:
      - PATO:0001019
      #slot_usage:
      #has_quantity_type:
      #ifabsent: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Density
  Pressure:
    is_a: QuantitativeAttribute
    class_uri: qudt:Quantity
    close_mappings:
      - PATO:0001025
    #slot_usage:
      #has_quantity_type:
      #ifabsent: http://qudt.org/vocab/quantitykind/Pressure


slots:
  alternative_label:
    slot_uri: skos:altLabel
    description:  The slot to specify an alternative label, name or title for a MaterialEntity.
    todos:
      - "Should probably rather declared on Entity or in some common metadata mixin instead."

  has_physical_state:
    #is_a: has_qualitative_attribute # cannot be made a subproperty due to its Emum range
    slot_uri: SIO:000008
    description: The slot to specify the physical state of a MaterialEntity.
    range: PhysicalStateEnum
    multivalued: false
    inlined: false
    todos:
      - "Find out how to make this a subproperty of has_qualitative_attribute, as it currently throws the error 'physical_state enumerations cannot be inlined' due to the fact that we are using an enum here."

  has_temperature:
    is_a: has_quantitative_attribute
    slot_uri: SIO:000008
    range: Temperature
    description: The slot to provide the Temperature of a MaterialEntity or an Activity, whereas the temperature of the Activity is ontologically rooted in the temperature of the material entities that participate in the Activity.

  has_mass:
    is_a: has_quantitative_attribute
    slot_uri: SIO:000008
    range: Mass
    description: The slot to provide the Mass of a MaterialEntity.

  has_volume:
    is_a: has_quantitative_attribute
    slot_uri: SIO:000008
    range: Volume
    description: The slot to provide the Volume of a MaterialEntity.

  has_density:
    is_a: has_quantitative_attribute
    slot_uri: SIO:000008
    range: Density
    description: The slot to provide the Density of a MaterialEntity.

  has_pressure:
    is_a: has_quantitative_attribute
    slot_uri: SIO:000008
    range: Pressure
    description: The slot to provide data about the pressure of a MaterialEntity or an Activity, whereas the Pressure of an Activity is ontologically a quality borne by the material entities participating in the Activity.

  derived_from:
    slot_uri: prov:wasDerivedFrom
    description: The slot to specify the Entity from which a Sample was derived.
    range: Entity
    inlined: true
    inlined_as_list: false
    exact_mappings:
      - SIO:000244
    close_mappings:
      - BFO:0000050
      - dcterms:partOf

enums:
  PhysicalStateEnum:
    implements:
      - owl:NamedIndividual
    permissible_values:
      SOLID:
        meaning: PATO:0001736
        description: A state of matter in which molecules are closely packed and cannot move past each other.
      LIQUID:
        meaning: PATO:0001735
        description: A state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape. Liquids adapt to the shape of their container and are nearly incompressible, maintaining their volume even under pressure.
      GASEOUS:
        meaning: PATO:0001737
        description: A state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape.
      PLASMA:
        meaning: PATO:0015012
        description: A state of matter in which a gas becomes ionized and conducts electricity, often found in high-energy environments such as stars or lightning.
