common TLO concepts
Source: /files/meta/Used_Ontologies_at_NFDI.xlsx (sheet: common TLO concepts)
| Concept (NFDI pragmatic label) | BFO/OBO (CAVE: there is a difference between version 2.0 & 2020 wrt object properties!) | SIO | DOLCE (DUL) | CIDOC-CRM | PIMS-II | EMMO | W3C framework (PROV, SOSA, FOAF, etc) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| location | see space | see space | ? | ||||
| event/occurent/process/activity | occurrent and its subclasses: process & process boundary | process - A process is an entity that is identifiable only through the unfolding of time, has temporal parts, and unless otherwise specified/predicted, cannot be identified from any instant of time in which it exists. | Event, with subclasses: Process & Action | E5 Event and 26 subclasses | |||
| method | not top level enough for BFO; If understood as special kind of process use obi:planned process or if understood as the "plan/instructions" of a process --> iao:plan specification | if understood as a special kind of process: procedure; if understood as the "plan" behind a procedure --> action specification | E7 Activity and subclasses | ||||
| tool | not top level enough; but obi:device might be an option, if tool here means a physical tool (material entity) used in a scientific investigation. | not defined as such, but can be defined under specialized material entity when understood as a material entity with a destinct capability | via P188 requires production tool | ||||
| material | material entity - A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. | material entity - a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass | Object from DOLCE could represent a weakly relation with "material entity" - Any physical, social, or mental object, or a substance. Following DOLCE Full, objects are always participating in some event (at least their own life), and are spatially located. | E18 Physical Thing and subclasses | |||
| time | temporal region - parent class of temporal instant and temporal interval | time is represented as information content entites (mathmatical ones more concretely) in terms of defining a time interval and time instant | Time interval - Any Region in a dimensional space that aims at representing time. | E2 Temporal Entity and subclasses | |||
| space | eigther site or one of the children of spatial region | subclasses of spatial region - A spatial region is an object contained in some region of space. | E53 Place, E92 Spacetime Volume, E94 Space Primitive or E95 Spacetime Primitive | ||||
| context | there is no such thing as a context in BFO; If one wants to say that a class has to be understood in a certain way according to some discursive context, one would probably have to encode it in BFO terms as having a certain bfo:role or bfo:disposition which get's reralized in some kind of bfo:process | similar to BFO SIO has no explicit concept class, but one would use a class from its attribute branch to narrow the context of an entity | Situation - A view, consistent with ('satisfying') a Description, on a set of entities. It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame' (i.e. a Description). | Maybe via E7 Activity? | |||
| information | not top level enough; but there is iao:information content entity to represent information indempendenly from the material entity it is encoded/embedded in | information content entity - an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret. | E73 Information Object subsumes all kinds of immaterial objects such as documents, plans, inscriptions... | ||||
| quality/attributes/characteristic | specifically dependent continuant - b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. With its subclasses: quality - a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized & realizable entity - To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. | attribute - a characteristic of some entity; with the subclasses: quality - an attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary, realizable entity - an attribute that is exhibited under some condition and is realized in some process | Social attribute - Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to represent some characteristic of a SocialObject, e.g. judgment values, social scalars, statistical attributes over a collection of entities, etc. Physical attribute - Physical value of a physical object, e.g. density, color, etc. Both are subclasses of Region | Maybe E13 Attribute Assignment? | |||
| variables / parameters / quantities / units | Maybe E95 Primitive Value? | ||||||
| We'll need to search for existing mappings/alignments between the above listed TLOs/Terms in the next step. |